Ruthenium ingot is an excellent catalyst for hydrogenation, isomerization, oxidation and reforming reactions. Pure metal ruthenium has very few uses. It is an effective hardener for platinum and palladium. Use it to make electrical contact alloys, and hard-grind cemented carbides.
 
1. The physical and chemical properties of Ruthenium ingot
 
　　 Element name: Ruthenium ingot
 
　　 element symbol: Ru
 
　　Element type: Metal element
 
　　 Relative atomic mass: 101.1
 
　　 Atomic number: 44
 
　　 Molar mass: 101
 
　　 Belonging cycle: 5
 
　　 Number of families: VIIIB
 
　　Mohs hardness: 6.5
 
　　 Elemental chemical symbol: Ru
 
　　Density: 12.2 g/cm^3
 
　　 Melting point: 2523K
 
　　 Boiling point: 4423K
 
Ruthenium ingot is a hard white metal with a density of 12.30 g/cm3. The melting point is 2310°C and the boiling point is 3900°C. The valences are 2, 3, 4 and 8. The first ionization energy is 7.37 electron volts. The chemical properties are very stable. When the temperature reaches 100℃, it has resistance to common acids including aqua regia, and it also has resistance to hydrofluoric acid and phosphoric acid. At room temperature, the iodine in chlorine, bromine and alcohol can slightly corrode ruthenium. It is resistant to many molten metals including lead, lithium, potassium, sodium, copper, silver and gold. Works with molten alkaline hydroxides, carbonates and cyanides.
 
Ruthenium ingot is an excellent catalyst and can be used in hydrogenation, isomerization, oxidation and reforming reactions. Pure metallic ruthenium has very few uses. It is an effective hardener for platinum and palladium. Use it to make electrical contact alloys, and hard-grind cemented carbides.