Vanadium flow redox battery (VRB) energy storage battery is currently a promising large-capacity energy storage system. Compared with other batteries, it has the following points: (1) The rated power and rated energy are independent, the power depends on the battery stack, and the energy depends on the electrolyte, so the amount of electrolyte can be increased at will to increase the battery. (2) During charging and discharging, the vanadium battery is only a liquid phase reaction, unlike ordinary batteries, there are complex solid-phase changes that can cause battery current interruption or short circuit; (3) The battery has a long shelf life and storage life; (4) 100% discharge without damaging the battery;

Vanadium dioxide thin films and nano or micro powders can be widely used in electrical and optical switching devices, solar control materials, optical disc dielectric materials, coatings, thermistors and other fields due to their own phase change characteristics.